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September 9, 2010 

China to build $2bn railway for Iran in the first step of a wider plan to tie the Middle East and Central Asia to Beijing

(Photo: ChinaTibettrain.com)

China's railways minister, Liu Zhijun, is expected to visit Tehran this week to seal the deal, according to his Iranian counterpart, Hamid Behbahani. "The final document of the contract has already been signed with a Chinese company and the Chinese minister will visit Iran on September 12 to ink the agreement," said Mr Behbahani. The new line will run from Tehran to the town of Khosravi on the border with Iraq, around 360 miles as the crow flies, passing through Arak, Hamedan and Kermanshah. Eventually, the Iranian government said, the route could link Iran with Iraq and even Syria as part of a Middle-Eastern corridor. That could also benefit the 5,000 Iranians who make pilgrimages each day to the holy cities of Najaf and Karbala in Iraq. Nicklas Swanstrom, the executive director of the Central Asia-Caucasus Institute at Johns Hopkins University, said the contract to build the line was the first step for China to build an entire rail infrastructure for central Asia. "It makes sense that if you build railways in Iran, you then get deals to stretch the lines into central Asia," he said, referring to a "very concrete plan" to run a railway from Iran through the landlocked countries of Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and eventually to Kashgar in China, in a modern "silk route". That line would give the central Asian states vital access to Iran's port of Chahbahar on the shores of the Persian Gulf, and could also eventually give China a vital overland freight route to Europe. "For China, it could cut the cost of transporting goods to Europe by 5pc or 6pc," said Professor Swanstrom. "It also makes political sense, because while technically the US, Europe or Russia could block China's sea routes, it would also have a land route. And by tying your neighbour's infrastructure to you, it brings them closer," he added. "It decreases Russia's influence in the region, and definitely decreases the influence of the US and Europe." Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, the Iranian president, raised the idea of the new railway earlier this year at a summit in Tehran. Transport ministers from Tajikistan, Afghanistan and Iran are expected to gather in Dushanbe, the Tajik capital formerly known as Stalinabad, next month to firm up a deal for a 1,225-mile route. The Asian Development Bank is funding a feasibility study for the project. Iran is determined to forge tighter links with its neighbors, and rebuild itself as a trade hub, in order to build a regional alliance that would support it against Nato countries. At the beginning of last month, Mr Ahmadinejad said Tajikistan, Afghanistan and Iran should join forces to become "an obstacle" to Western influence in the region. Iran has pointedly not signed up to European Union plans for a trade corridor through Europe, the Caucasus and Asia, and has instead busied itself with bilateral agreements with its neighbors. Reza Rahimi, the Iranian vice-president, has promised to cut freight times between Europe and China from two months by sea to 11 days by land. In addition, the current sanctions on Iran allow China, which relies on the Persian state for 15pc of its energy needs, to drive a hard bargain on the construction contract for the line. China is rapidly expanding its own high-speed rail network and has unveiled plans for lines that will connect Beijing with London, both through Russia and through central Asia. China Railway Group, the largest railway construction company, has also recently revealed it has had "early stage contact" with South African companies about undertaking rail projects in South Africa. (SOURCE:Telegraph.co.uk)

Cholera epidemic kills 41 in Chad   

At least 41 people have lost their lives due to cholera, while 600 more are suffering from the water-borne disease in the central African state of Chad.

According to Chad's health officials, the epidemic sweeping the country is only the tip of a major health crisis. The United Nations continues to support the government's respond to the outbreak through water deliveries, education programs, procurement ofmedical supplies and latrines construction. Given the poor hygiene awareness, more health professionals are needed to respond. Cases of the water-borne disease have also been reported in the neighboring countries of Nigeria and Cameroon. Health ministries of the two countries have been working with the UN World Health Organization to address the spread of the disease. More than 350 people have been killed in only three months in Nigeria. Cholera is an acute intestinal infection caused by contaminated food or water. The diarrheal disease is especially fatal for children. There are an estimated 3-5 million cholera cases and 100,000-120,000 deaths due to the extremely virulent disease every year. (SOURCE: Press TV)

Russia and China Set Up First Ever Transboundary Protected Area for Endangered Amur Tigers

Chinese and Russian officials have agreed to set up a first ever protected area for endangered Amur tigers, also known as Siberian tigers, between Jilin province in China and neighboring Primorsky province in Russia. World Wildlife Fund (WWF) facilitated the agreement, which will help Chinese and Russian wildlife authorities establish a transboundary cooperative conservation network and partner to restore the endangered species. It marks another important milestone during the Year of the Tiger in 2010.  Destruction and fragmentation of habitat, poaching and lack of prey have reduced the number of wild Amur tigers. It is the largest of all the tiger subspecies with an estimated total population of about 450. Of these, 20 tigers have been periodically spotted within the borders of China’s Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces. “A new transboundary protected area would provide a wider and healthier habitat for Amur tigers and other endangered species, such as the Amur leopard, musk deer and goral,” said Yu Changchun, Director of Conservation Department of Jilin Forestry Department at the event. Jilin and Primorsky provinces will increase information sharing on the protection of the two big cat species, adopt identical monitoring systems for tigers and their prey, conduct joint ecological surveys and develop plans to launch an anti-poaching campaign along the border. “While tigers—the species at the top of the ecosystem—are better conserved through the agreement, other species, the forest habitat and all the biodiversity resources will also benefit from this protected area,” said Dr. Zhu Chunquan, WWF-China’s Conservation Director. In addition to promoting the transboundary protected area, WWF-China successfully helped establish a protected area for tigers in Jilin. It is also working with northeast China’s Heilongjiang province, another important home to Amur tigers, to bring it under the fold of the transboundary protected area. If this plan comes to fruition, the protected area for Amur tigers and other threatened species will double. “This agreement is a great boost for Amur tiger habitats in Russia and China. Since both countries play a crucial role in terms of global tiger recovery, a future transboundary network would represent a big step in WWF’s global tiger conservation effort,” said Dr. Sergey Aramilev, Biodiversity Coordinator for Amur Branch of WWF-Russia, which is also involved in promoting the agreement. “There’s a lot of work to be done to implement this agreement, such as making sure it receives proper government funding, but this is a major step forward nonetheless.” (SOURCE: Worldwildlife.org)

 

QUOTE OF THE DAY

"Millions of people need food, clean water and medical care – and they need it right now," said Jacques de Maio, ICRC's head of operations for South Asia. "So far, together with the Pakistan Red Crescent, we have assisted more than 100,000 people, and we are expanding the range of our action as we speak. Still, the magnitude of the disaster is overwhelming."

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"MASS EXTINCTION" - in biology & ecology, extinction is the end of an organism or group of taxa. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of that species (although the capacity to breed and recover may have been lost before this point). Through evolution, new species arise through the process of speciation; & species become extinct when they are no longer able to survive in changing conditions or against superior competition usually after 10 million years of its appearance, although some species, called living fossils, survive virtually unchanged for hundreds of millions of years. APPX.  99.9% of all species that have ever lived are now extinct. Mass extinctions are relatively rare; but isolated extinctions are common. Scientists estimate that up to 1/2 of presently existing species may be extinct by 2100. (VIA Wikipedia)

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Thursday
Sep092010

Polio in Angola and the Democratic Republic of the Congo 

                                                                Boy receives polio vaccine, Nigeria (Photo: HN, Michael Bociurkiw)

(HN, September 9, 2010) The United Nations World Health Organization (WHO) reports that the recent outbreak of polio in Angola is spreading into other, previously polio-free parts of the country and the neighboring Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).

In Angola, the outbreak which began in April 2007, has this year spread to re-infect previously polio-free areas in Angola (the provinces of Bie, Bengo, Huambo, Lunda Norte, Lunda Sul and Uige), as well as to neighboring DR Congo, re-infecting Kasai Occidental province which borders Angola. This outbreak is classified as 're-established' transmission as it has persisted for a period greater than 12 months.

 

In addition, a case was detected in Katanga province in the DRC’s southeast in June that was genetically linked to a separate virus traced back to Angola.

 

Poliomyelitis (polio) is a highly infectious disease caused by a virus that invades the nervous system. It invades the nervous system, and can cause total paralysis in a matter of hours. The virus enters the body through the mouth and multiplies in the intestine. Initial symptoms are fever, fatigue, headache, vomiting, stiffness in the neck and pain in the limbs. 

 

Polio is a disease that is most often spread through contact with the stool (bowel movement) of an infected person. Polio germs can also be spread through food and water. The disease mainly affects children under 5 years old, but unvaccinated people of any age are at risk.

 

Up to 95% of persons infected with polio will have no symptoms. About four to eight percent of infected persons have minor symptoms such as fever, fatigue, nausea, headache, flu-like symptoms, stiffness in the neck and back, and pain in the limbs which often resolves completely. Fewer than one percent of polio cases result in permanent paralysis of the limbs (usually the legs). Of those paralyzed, 5-10% die when the paralysis strikes the respiratory muscles.

 

There is no cure for polio, it can only be prevented. Polio vaccine, given multiple times, can protect a child for life.

 

While Polio has been eradicated in most of the world, it remains endemic in Afghanistan, Nigeria, India and Pakistan  

 

A Strategic Plan 2010-2012, launched by the Global Polio Eradication Initiative, aims to build on success in endemic countries, such as Nigeria, where the number of polio cases have dropped by more than 99 percent – from 312 cases last year to three in 2010.

 

Also recording successes are West Africa, where no new cases have been reported since May, and the Horn of Africa, where there have been no polio cases in the past 12 months.

 

Central Africa is now seen to be the greatest obstacle to efforts to eradicate the virus on that continent.

  

WHO noted that there is a high risk of WPV1 spreading to other countries from Angola and the DRC due to the limited success of control measures and the historical cross-border spread from both nations.

 

As many as 25 per cent of children are regularly missed during supplementary immunization campaigns in Angola, while in the DRC, no response activities have been carried out in the country’s volatile east since last November.

 

Also, due to surveillance gaps, it is possible that there are more cases of WPV1 in the two countries, WHO said.

 

Last month, the agency and the UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF) called on national authorities and communities to get involved with a polio immunization campaign aiming to reach nearly 6 million children in Angola.

 

-       UN News, WHO, HUMNews files

 

Wednesday
Sep082010

(REPORT/INTERVIEW) "Reading is FUN-damental" - Twitter partners with Room to Read on World Literacy Day

PHOTO: Room to Read, India (HN, September 8, 2010) – Can you read this? 

Wehn yuo cnnaot raed, noe hruendd ftory ccrhaetars maen noinhtg. Hlep ptoorme goalbl latceriy:  http://t.co/W5UTbuB

Today, September 8th is the 35th anniversary of World Literacy Day.  Adopted in 1965, this year’s theme organized by UNESCO (the United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization) celebrate’s women’s empowerment through literacy and pays tribute to the women and men who work behind the scenes who help others acquire literacy skills.

One in five adults worldwide - 796 million - lack minimum literacy skills (reading and writing); with two-thirds of those being women and girls accounting for more than half of the 67.4 million out-of-school children globally.

Literacy rates are comparatively, a cause for celebration and the world has made progress since 1965 with now close to 4 billion literate people in the world.  However, literacy for all – children, youth and adults - is still a goal ahead to achieve.

In 2003, the United Nations proclaimed the ten years until 2012 the “United Nations Literacy Decade”, and has put literacy and education front and center as `Millennium Development Goal Number 2’ to be accomplished by 2015.  

A basic education equips children with literacy skills for life and the ability to learn further and grow intellectually.  Literate parents are more likely to send children to school and literate people are better able to access continuing, higher education; and jobs.  In today’s 21st century, `later literacy’ also means experience and understanding with digital languages and technologies but reading and writing remain the fundamental building blocks for development.  

The International Literacy Day global celebrations today focus on the transformation literacy can bring to women’s lives and those in their families, communities and societies and on the people and efforts who help them get there, such as the international organization `Room to Read’.

PHOTO: Erin Ganju, Room to Read`Room to Read’ was founded by former Microsoft executive John Wood, with co-Founders Erin Ganju and Dinesh Shrestha.  This year the organization celebrated its 10 year anniversary with the opening of its 10,000th library in Nepal; where the effort first began.   After a vacation to Nepal in 1999 allowed Wood to witness first-hand the country’s lack of educational resources, he and his co-founders launched a book drive for one school, and turned that one-time act of kindness into the basis of inspiration for a global education movement.  

Over the last decade, `Room to Read’ has increased its work exponentially to impact over four million children in Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Laos, Nepal, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Vietnam and Zambia through its worldwide network of more than 1,000 schools and 10,000 libraries filled with over 7 million children’s books. 

The organization works in collaboration with local communities, partner organizations and governments, and has empowered children with increased access to high-quality educational opportunities – including 10,000 girls this year who are attending school on scholarship.  

Known also for its innovation in technology and marketing, `Room to Read’ (@roomtoread) became Twitter’s first Corporate Social Responsibility partner last year creating a joint project to create `Fledgling’ wine (@fledgling) - a year-long first-of-its-kind social winemaking project in collaboration with the Napa Valley vineyard Crushpad. The Fledgling wines, a Pinor Noir and a Chardonnay, will benefit `Room to Read's’ literacy programs in India and will launch to the market on September 25. 

Additionally, Twitter and `Room to Read’ have teamed up on this International Literacy Day in order to show the world what someone who cannot read see’s, when they look at a page of words.  The `Hope 140’ effort will show viewers the scrambled message you see at the beginning of this article, and then unscramble the message to show the true words. 

"With the International Literacy Day campaign, we are asking the average Twitter user to experience, just for a minute, the disempowerment that one in five people in this world experience due to illiteracy," said John Wood. "Room to Read' is galvanizing a global movement to solve this critical issue and through Twitter's worldwide platform, we aim to not only raise awareness but to instigate action." 

On the `Hope 140’ page you’ll also find ways to buy `Fledgling’ wine, as well as how to donate to Room to Read’s publishing program which has created 433 children's books in 22 local languages and distributes them throughout its library network in Asia and Africa.  In honor of International Literacy Day and throughout September, `Room to Read’ will be producing the book "Unjani" or "How Are You," an original South African children's book written in Xhosa and English and a donation will be matched by a Room to Read donor.

So today, HUMNEWS, Room to Read and Twitter ask you to tweet for literacy and help others around the world to achieve the basic skill of reading - which can change people’s lives, forever.

Because if you can’t read this “Wehn yuo cnnaot raed, noe hruendd ftory ccrhaetars maen noinhtg. Hlep ptoorme goalbl latceriy:   http://t.co/W5UTbuB” – there is still a long way to go to total world literacy.

==============================================================================================================

PHOTO: John Wood, Room to ReadINTERVIEW WITH JOHN WOOD, Founder of Room to Read and author of the highly-acclaimed book,Leaving Microsoft to Change the World”.

Q:  10 years on in Room to Read for you John. What is the most important thing you've learned about the world as you've been building Room to Read 

John:  Ten years ago, when I delivered that first load of books to children in Nepal, I had no idea that we’d be at the point we are today – impacting the lives of five million children and on track to double that by 2015. The big lesson for me is to dream big and share that dream with incredibly passionate, qualified and hardworking people to make that dream a reality. That’s what Room to Read is all about – we went from a handful of supporters (mainly friends and family) to a network of thousands around the globe.

Children’s education is an issue that crosses borders and resonates with people in every corner of the world – and it’s incredible that Room to Read is the convergence point as we lead a global movement to provide every child with the ability to attend school and learn to read.

Q:  Room to Read was Twitter's first corporate social innovation sponsor.  Talk about before Twitter, and after Twitter.  How has this, helped Room to Read better achieve its goals of literacy?

John:  Twitter has become a great vehicle to help us engage with our supporters and spread our message and mission to an even wider audience. Room to Read’s Twitter account (@RoomtoRead) already has close to 450,000 followers and with the 315,000 people following me @johnwoodRtR, together  we’re reaching almost half a million people around the world on a daily basis – which is outstanding! Many of the our  40+ volunteer chapter network around the world also maintain their own Twitter accounts – so we’re definitely getting the word out there.

Twitter’s unique format enables us as an organization to provide real-time updates and information to supporters – without greatly taxing our resources. We use it to thank our supporters and partners, give shout-outs to other organizations, and just to keep the Room to Read message alive and fresh.

We were also fortunate enough to be chosen by Twitter as their first corporate social innovation partner and because of that we’ve had the opportunity to experiment with creative ways to use the platform. In fact, for International Literacy Day on September 8, we have worked with Twitter to develop a creative way for people to understand the concept of literacy and what it’s like for the 776 million people in the world who still can’t read. At the same time, we’re asking the social network community to help support the publication of a new children’s book for the children of South Africa.

I truly believe that simply by getting the message out across the globe, we’ll rally more and more supporters in our battle against illiteracy – and Twitter is an incredibly platform that allows us to do just that.

Q: R2R has an intense focus on results, talk about how running an efficient and stable business, helps to achieve your goals for reading, literacy and education worldwide?

We started Room to Read with some important basic business principles – that we would be efficient, accountable and results-driven. I strongly believe it’s necessary to take the best of the business world and combine it with the best of the NGO world – in fact, I tell our team that we want to run Room to Read with the compassion of Mother Teresa but the focus and tenacity of a blue-chip company.  

I don’t believe in the model of an NGO spending up to 40 cents of each dollar on administration and fund-raising. So, we keep our overhead low and run a tight ship. We do creative things, like getting our board members to donate frequent flier miles, and having volunteers in 40+ cities raise about a third of our annual budget. There are many small steps that together add up to create a very efficient organization. So, what you get when you make a donation to Room to Read is a very direct, very tangible result. We tell donors exactly how much it costs to build a school, publish children’s book, establish a library or to support a year of a girls’ education. In the long term, education in the developing world has been proven to be the best ticket out of poverty, so an investment in this area yields amazing long-term benefits.

Q: How does technology play a role in how you conduct business and measure results?

John:  It’s incredible how quickly technology evolves and allows us new and creative ways to communicate with our supporters. Using social media has enabled us to have instant access to millions of potential supporters across the globe – we can directly engage with them on a regular basis and develop a real connection more easily share our work across the globe and directly engage with people.

We also actively use technology to develop and track our programs as well. With Salesforce licenses generously donated by the Salesforce.com Foundation since 2007, we have built what we call our Global Solutions Database (GSD) that tracks all of our projects in nine countries as well as our operations in the global office. It’s the Room to Read mega-reference – which is key, because keeping results in key to our organization. Every project established by Room to Read across our nine countries is tracked in the system – we track implementation timeline, number of students and teachers, percentage of community contribution, etc.  The information collected helps guide our monitoring and evaluation team’s efforts, so we know if we need to boost our work in certain areas.  This information is then also used to provide more detailed information to our donors so that we can directly connect them to the project they’re supporting -- and in doing so, we keep our them excited about our work.

Q:  Can you talk about the importance of your local language education programs and books? Why was it important for teaching and learning?

John:  When we started building libraries we soon realized that many of the children’s books in our libraries weren’t being used by the children – most of them were in English, which is not the primary language for most of the students. At that point, we decided to develop our Local Language Publishing program, to produce and distribute books in local languages. The books are written by local authors, many of whom attend our writers’ workshops, and are illustrated by local artists. We also publish the books locally, so in addition to providing books for the children, we’re helping to support the local economy.

Many of our books have won prestigious awards – but more importantly, they are incredibly popular and effective tools in teaching children to read. Not only is the language something the children can understand, but the stories and illustrations are culturally relevant and speak to the children’s life experience.

Q:  Helping children get the habit...how easy is that?  And what have you heard years on, about how this simple act, changes their lives? 

John:  I believe children have an inherent desire to learn, so if you give them the tools and the right guidance, they can’t wait! With our focus being now more directed on literacy and gender equality in education, we’re developing new programs to teach reading more effectively so that it does become a skill and a habit for millions of children. Our teams in India, Sri Lanka and Nepal are already having great success in the pilot phases of their literacy programs, so we have high expectations to see literacy rates jump dramatically in the next several years.

How does reading change a child’s life? This is probably most dramatically illustrated when you talk about educating girls. No offense to my gender – but it is amply documented that when you educate women you have spillover effects to the next generation which are substantially larger.  When you educate a woman, you educate the next generation and all subsequent generations.

There is an increase in health and nutrition for the whole family, higher income levels for the woman and overall improvement in the quality of life for a community. For only $250, you support a girls’ education for one year. I believe that’s the best investment one can make when trying to effect global change.

Q:  What's next for R2R and for you?

John:  For the organization, Room to Read's long-term goal is to help over ten million children to gain the lifelong gift of education by the year 2015.  We’re well on our way to meet this goal – by the end of 2010, we’ll have impacted the lives of over five million children. But we’re also looking to increase the quality of education through improved teacher training and additional materials – we want the educational opportunity to be the best it can be. We’re also looking to expand our Girls’ Education program and provide even more life skill training – girls thrive when they’re allowed to develop self confidence and academic skills – and we want them to go out and conquer the world!

Geographically, we’re looking to add programs in Africa fairly soon and have been researching opportunities in Central America as well. The sad fact is that there is a long list of countries ripe for Room to Read, but we have to be sure we have our resources in place before we take the next leap – but we’ll get there!

As for me, this is it!  I want to see to it that Room to Read meets its goal of reaching 10 million children within the next five years. This is the hardest I’ve ever worked, but it’s also the happiest I’ve ever been, and I can’t imagine doing anything else! Every morning, I feel like the luckiest person alive because I get to make a difference in the lives of children

Monday
Sep062010

Sudden and unusual crime wave shakes up Lesotho capital 

Maseru, Lesotho HUM file photo(HN, September 6, 2010) - In a sudden crime wave that has now claimed the lives of at least two people in one week and put Maseru's small expatriate community and locals alike on edge, questions are being raised on what’s behind the upsurge in violence in one of the safest capital cities in Africa.

Earlier today, gunshots rang out at the glitzy Pioneer shopping mall near the city centre in what local police described to HUMNEWS as an attempted robbery. The mall is frequented by middle class locals and foreigners alike and is regarded as one of the safest places in the city. Several prominent South African chains, such as the Pick n Pay supermarket, have outlets at the mall.

The incident happened around the same time that friends and co-workers of slain Thomas Maresco gathered to mourn the US Peace Corps volunteer at a special memorial at the US Peace Corps compound in Maseru. The 24-year old native of Port St. Lucie, FL was gunned-down Friday night near the compound as he was leaving the 4-star Maseru Sun hotel with a female colleague.(MAP: CIA World Factbook)

Although an investigation is still underway, reports are that an armed man stopped the two Americans as they were leaving the hotel property, and unprovoked, fatally shot the US Peace Corps volunteer in the head. The unidentified woman escaped unharmed.

The attack on Maresco occurred just two days after a suspected attempted robbery on another foreign aid worker. Police say three male adults approached a former UN volunteer near the Khali Hotel in Maseru. While she was walking towards the main road, they threatened her with a knife on her neck and forcefully took her handbag. She escaped unharmed, and two suspects were later arrested and one is still at large.

What has surprised locals and expatriates alike is that the areas where all the recent attacks took place are considered very safe. Overall Lesotho, a country the size of Belgium that is entirely land-locked by South Africa, is ranked as one of the safest countries in sub-Saharan Africa - so much so that the United Nations has no security phase in place.

It’s not only locals that have been targeted in the recent violent crime wave. Police said a Maseru resident in his 40s was shot dead in the past week while driving his car into his gated driveway.

One of the most high profile crimes occurred way back In April 2009, in an assassination attempt on the Prime Minister by attackers apparently planning to seize power. The Prime Minister survived but such acts tend to cause worry in neighbouring South Africa because of the possibility of a spill-over or because unrest could disrupt crucial supplies of water and electricity from Lesotho.

In the case of Mareso, no arrests have yet been made. A Peace Corps statement says he taught secondary education in the impoverished, highlands district of Thaba-Tseka since November 2009. Maresco was scheduled to serve until January 2012.

In today’s shooting at Pioneer Mall, the Maseru police said they had their eye on a suspect who has targeted the ATM at the mall “several times” but he has not yet been apprehended by authorities. Pioneer Mall Maseru, Lesotho HUM file photo

While there is no evidence to suggest all the recent attacks are linked, Lesotho-watchers say increasing desperation among young working-age males could be a factor behind the sudden crime wave. Ever since the borders with South Africa were abruptly tightened on the eve of the World Cup in June, many people who had cross-border jobs are stranded. As it is, Lesotho is one of the poorest countries on the planet, and with one of the most unequal wealth distribution rankings.

The unemployment rate is at more than 20% and aid agencies are planning to assist about 450,000 people - about a quarter of the total population - with humanitarian assistance this year and next.

By Cristina Khalaf, staff files

Friday
Sep032010

(PERSPECTIVE) "LESOTHO: THE BASTARD CHILD OF SOUTH AFRICA"

By Contributor Nadira Omarjee in Johannesburg, South Africa

(HN, September 3, 2010) - Lesotho is a country that is neatly tucked away within the splendour and beauty of the Maluti Mountains and the Katse dam. These mighty lovers live in tranquility and abject poverty, surrounded by their wealthy relative – South Africa.

The story of Lesotho is a sad one. This place of magnificence is home to the third highest HIV and AIDS prevalence rates in the world - about a quarter of all adults are infected. With a population of around 2-million people, Lesotho is struggling to maintain its children (of the 280,000 HIV positive adults, about 21,000 are also living with the disease). There are more than 220,000 orphans and vulnerable children in Lesotho, and almost three-quarters became so because of HIV and AIDS.

On top of the disease burden of HIV AIDS, Lesotho struggles with poverty and food insecurity. Because less than 10 percent of the country is under cultivation, almost 70 percent of its annual cereal requirement is imported - mainly from South Africa.

Most Basotho people are subsistence farmers, miners in Lesotho’s diamond mines, migrant labourers and labourers in border industrial programmes for companies like Levis Strauss and The Gap. South African mines utilise Basotho labourers between 3 – 9 months a year. Lesotho provides the means for maintaining cheap foreign labour to South Africa with little benefit to the source country.

This unrequited love from Lesotho towards South Africa is an unhealthy relationship that gives little to nothing back to Lesotho.The HIV epidemic in Lesotho has hit children disproportionately hard

South Africa gets a substantial portion of its water from Lesotho’s Katse dam and part of its electricity is also generated from there as well.

But in terms of giving back to Lesotho, South Africa plays no major role in ensuring good governance in the country - nor does it support poverty eradication programmes (and I don’t mean migrant labour as a strategy for this unwholesome love affair).

Moreover South Africa does not provide effective HIV and AIDS programmes for the Basotho people. Sadly, the long-term effects of such a parasitical relationship between Lesotho and South Africa will lead to the eventual demise of the Kingdom of Lesotho.

If so, would it be the worst thing for Lesotho to be absorbed into South Africa? I don’t think one can pronounce best solutions in matters of the heart because these issues are complicated.

Nation-states are determined by language and culture and to that extent Lesotho’s blankets - which are a cultural symbol of the country but are produced in South Africa - places Lesotho separate to South Africa. 

There is also the issue of national identity and this is an emotional issue that cannot be decided in opinion pieces but must be decided by the Basotho people themselves. However South Africa does have a serious responsibility towards Lesotho when it consumes its people and resources.

South Africa is therefore obliged to care for the Basotho people. Anti-retroviral treatment (ART) and poverty eradication programmes must be jointly organised between South Africa and Lesotho to ensure that the Basotho people thrive.

South Africa can no longer torture Lesotho through negligence and disrespect. It is high time that South Africa realises that what happens within its borders and outside its borders has an effect on its economy and people. 

No more can Lesotho be treated as the illegitimate member of the family.

--- Nadira Omarjee a Doctoral Candidate at the University of Johannesburg, working on HIV and AIDS and gender related issues in the South African Development Community region.

Friday
Sep032010

(NEWS BRIEF) UN agency warns of tragedy unfolding in southwest of flood-hit Pakistan

 

(HN, September 3, 2010) – The United Nations refugee agency has called for boosting relief efforts in the flood-hit province of Balochistan in south-western Pakistan, where some 2 million people have been affected by the recent disaster and the humanitarian situation is deteriorating.

“By any definition it is a humanitarian tragedy in Balochistan. We need to scale up our activities in the province, if not, I think we are heading for a major humanitarian disaster there,” Mengesha Kebede, Representative of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), told a news conference in the Pakistani capital, Islamabad.

Mr. Kebede, who just returned from a visit to Balochistan, said the situation in the remote province has been largely overlooked as attention followed the flow of the Indus River south, ignoring the mounting crisis to the west.

There are almost two million people affected by floods in Balochistan, he said, noting that over half of them have been displaced, including 600,000 who had fled flood waters in Sindh province.

“I have worked in humanitarian situations globally and worked in refugee camps in Africa during emergencies, but to be honest I had never seen a situation as devastating as I saw in Balochistan,” said the UNHCR official.

“I owe it to the people there to put this on the table and help end their plight,” he stated, stressing the need to focus on the areas of sanitation, shelter, food and health care.

There were some 28 camps set up in the province but conditions were a major concern. “We are focusing on identifying and improving the most critical issues in relation to camp layout, hygiene and health conditions,” he said.

UNHCR is one of numerous UN agencies that are on the ground in Pakistan to try to provide relief to the victims of the disaster, which has left a fifth of the country under water and affected over 17 million people.

The World Food Programme (WFP) has so far delivered one-month food rations to nearly 175,000 people in eight districts in Balochistan, while the UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF) is providing water daily to over 200,000 people and has built emergency latrines in the most affected areas.

Stefano Savi, head of UNICEF’s office in Balochistan’s provincial capital Quetta, noted that, as in most disaster situations, children are among those most affected. “If we don’t scale up our nutrition activities, the lives of thousands of children are at risk,” he warned.

“The psychological impact of this disaster on children must also not be underestimated,” he added, “and this is why we are working to make their lives as normal as possible, through the establishment of child-friendly spaces and learning centres.”

The nearly $460 million sought by the UN and its humanitarian partners in the initial floods response plan for Pakistan is currently 63 per cent covered, having received $291 million in funds and an additional $20 million in pledges.

UNHCR has revised its section of the wider appeal from $41 million to $120 million as the needs of the flood victims continue to outpace the ability of aid groups to respond.

The award-winning Hollywood actress and UNHCR Goodwill Ambassador Angelina Jolie has released a video message this week in which she appeals to the public to step up their financial support for aid efforts in Pakistan.

“This is not just a humanitarian crisis – it is an economic and social catastrophe,” she said.

- UN News

 

Wednesday
Sep012010

HUMNEWS HEADLINES - September 2, 2010 (Europe and Eurasia) 

ANDORRA

A taste of the ‘high life’ in Grandvalira, Andorra (travel)

Injured Duff ‘keen to face Andorrans’ (sports)

An afternoon in Andorra (style)  

ARMENIA

Several killed in Nagorno-Karabakh clash

Russia may resume wheat export to Armenia  

Price for nonfoods up 0.1% in Armenia in August

7.1% unemployment rate recorded in Armenia in January – July 2010

West Nile virus bypasses Armenia

President of Armenia congratulated students and teachers on day of knowledge

Fuller Center, Marriott Armenia partner for rural housing project

Armenia v. Republic of Ireland: Robbie Keane to play but Republic struggle with injury (sports)

GIBRALTAR

They are nervous in Gibraltar because they know the frontier toll is legal, claims Alcalde

Gibraltar National Day events announced

Phoenicia visits Gibraltar (style)  

KYRGYZSTAN

In Central Asia, a new headache for U.S. policy

Kyrgyzstan launches operation of Kambarata – 2 plant

Russia sends five tones humanitarian aid to Kyrgyzstan’s schools

Responsibilities allocated between Prime-Minister and Vice-Prime-Minister of Kyrgyzstan

Kyrgyzstan unlikely to receive $1 billion donor funds

Kyrgyzstan’s CEC receives pre-election lists from 29 parties  

Kyrgyzstan 19 years later. Summarizing the results

Exhibition of innovations to take place in Kyrgyzstan

OSCE mission in troubled Kyrgyzstan postponed after protests

LIECHTENSTEIN

UN chief to visit Liechtenstein, Austria in week-long trip

World & European champions Spain red hot favorites to beat Liechtenstein at 1/100 (sports)

MOLDOVA

Why Moldova matters (analysis)

Postal worker to help orphans in Moldova  

MONGOLIA

An examination of China’s epic traffic jam

Inner Mongolia: Tree-planting to end desertification

5,000-year-old village ruins found in China  

MONTENEGRO

Montenegro’s Tehnostil metal cold rolling mill seeks strategic partner

TAJIKISTAN

President Rahmon urges Tajik women not to wear hijabs

1st Tajik hard-copy daily in 18 years publishes

Iran reinvigorates a strategy for regional dominance Tehran’s false ‘three Persian speaking countries’ project aimed at subjugating Afghanistan

Tajik justice ministry criticizes security committee over jailbreak

Tajik parents punished for children’s truancy

Tuesday
Aug312010

HUMNEWS HEADLINES - August 31, 2010 (North and South Oceans) 

Tuesday
Aug312010

Hurricane Earl - August 31, 2010 (Update) 

As of 5am EDT Tuesday Hurricane Earl was located about 150 miles to the north-northwest of San Juan Puerto Rico with top winds near 135 mph. Earl is still a category 4 on the Saffir-Simpson hurricane wind scale. Some additional strengthening is possible over the next 24 hours. Earl is moving toward the west-northwest at 13 mph, but should turn to the northwest by this evening. A northwestward motion should continue during the day Wednesday. Hurricane Earl is moving away from Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Conditions should gradually improve with diminishing wind and flooding today. Tropical storm warnings are still in effect there, but could be discontinued later today. Tropical storm warnings are in effect for the Turks and Caicos. Conditions there should gradually worsen during the day today with increasing wind and rain. The worst conditions are expected on those islands this evening and overnight with gradually improving conditions Wednesday. The southeastern Bahamas are under a tropical storm watch. Earl should pass well east of the Bahamas tonight through Wednesday night. Some squally showers and stronger winds are possible later today through early Thursday morning as Earl passes by. Earl turns northward later Wednesday and could move toward the Carolina coastline Thursday. Tropical storm watches could be issued as early as this afternoon or evening. Hurricane Earl could threaten the Northeast and New England coasts Friday and Friday night. (SOURCE: The Weather Channel)

 

 

Monday
Aug302010

HUMNEWS HEADLINES - August 30, 2010 (The Caribbean) 

(PHOTO: NOAA) Hurricane Earl continues to strengthen as it moves across the northern Leeward Islands. A hurricane warning is in effect for Antigua, Barbuda, Montserrat, St. Kitts, Nevis and Anguilla. Also for Saint Martin, Saint Barthelemy, St. Maarten, Saba and St. Eustatius. The British and U.S. Virgin Islands are also under hurricane warnings. A hurricane watch is in effect for Puerto Rico including the islands of Culebra and Vieques. A tropical storm warning is in effect for Puerto Rico including the islands of Culebra and Vieques. As of 7 a.m. the center of Hurricane Earl was located near latitude about 25 miles north northeast of St. Martin about 140 miles east of St. Thomas. Earl is moving toward the west-northwest near 14 mph. A turn toward the northwest is expected on Tuesday. On the forecast track, the center of Earl will pass near or over the northernmost Leeward Islands this morning and near the Virgin Islands this afternoon and this evening. Maximum sustained winds have increased to near 110 mph with higher gusts. Earl is a Category 2 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson hurricane wind scale. Additional strengthening is forecast and Earl is expected to become a major hurricane later today. Hurricane force winds extend outward up to 50 miles from the center and tropical storm force winds extend outward up to 175 miles. St. Maarten recently reported a sustained wind of 41 mph.The latest minimum central pressure reported from a NOAA hurricane hunter aircraft is 965 mb. (SOURCE: noaa.gov)

ARUBA

Aruba Networks Inc. rose to a new high following Q4 report

BARBADOS

Greenidge, Gaskin ensure Barbados of fourth St. Kitts Festival title

Better than 20/20 (commentary)  

BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS

British territory revealed as No. 39 Dept. haven

Kittitian reappointed to the CARICOM Regional Judicial and Commission  

CAYMAN ISLANDS

ICE deports convict to Cayman Islands

Trico Marine files for bankruptcy

DOMINICA

Dominica PM to stand trial over dual citizenship

‘Beyond expectations’ (sports)

GRENADA

Looking out for country’s best interest

Revenue down for Grenada telecom providers in 2009

 

Saturday
Aug282010

(NEWS BRIEF) UN: AREA HIT BY FLOODS IN PAKISTAN BIGGER THAN ENGLAND

(HN, AUGUST 28, 2010) - The area inundated by flood waters continues to increase and the number of people affected by the disaster is climbing. The number of people significantly affected is almost 17.2 million, with 8 million needing urgent humanitarian aid.

At a United Nations media briefing Friday in Geneva monitored by HUMNEWS, officials said an area of more than 160,000 square kilometres – greater than the entire size of England - has now been ravaged by floods since exceptionally heavy monsoon rains began falling in Pakistan late last month.

The agricultural sector has been severely hit, with some 3.4 million heads of cattle lost.

John Holmes, the UN Emergency Relief Coordinator, says the logistics of reaching isolated affected populations with aid is the main challenge; the response plan needs to be revised because the initial figures underestimated the number of people suffering from the disaster. 

Mr. Holmes added that about 70 per cent of the $ 460 million initially sought by the UN and its humanitarian partners for flood relief had either been contributed or pledged so far. He emphasized the importance of reviving the agricultural sector as soon as the emergency humanitarian operations ended, as the situation of food security and the economy of Pakistan depends on that sector.

Click here for a map of the current flood situation: OCHA Map